Ibhethri lebhayisikili likagesi lifana nenhliziyo yomzimba womuntu, nayo eyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ye-e-Bike.Inomthelela kakhulu endleleni ibhayisikili elisebenza kahle ngayo.Ngisho noma kunosayizi ofanayo nesisindo, umehluko wesakhiwo nokwakheka kuseyizizathu ezenza amabhethri asebenze ngokuhlukahluka.
Esikubonile izinhlobo zebhethri ezidume kakhulu namuhla amabhethri e-lead-acid namabhethri e-Lithium-ion.
Jwayela ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zebhethri
Ibhethri le-lead-acid
Kusukela ekuthuthukisweni kwayo ekuqaleni kwawo-1950s, lokhu sekube ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi obusetshenziswa kabanzi emlandweni.Amabhethri e-lead-acid avame ukusetshenziswa ku-UPS, amabhethri emoto, njll.
Ibhethri le-lead-acid lizuze isithunzi salo ngokusebenza kahle ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu kanye nokubekezelela ukuhlukumeza.Ngenxa yalesi sici, amabhayisikili kagesi afakwe amabhethri e-lead-acid abonisa ukusebenza okungcono ezimeni zomgwaqo ezimbi, anenani eliphansi lokunakekela ibhethri.
Okuqukethwe kwe-asidi kungadlulisela ukushisa ngaphandle futhi mancane amathuba okuba kome, ukuze kugcinwe isimo esifanelekile sokusebenza.Inemijikelezo yokushaja ecishe ibe ngu-500 ngaphambi kokuthi ifinyelele ekupheleni kwempilo.Kodwa-ke, lesi sakhiwo sigcina ibhethri lisinda futhi liyinkimbinkimbi, okugcina kunesisindo esiphezulu se-e-bike.
Zonke izinhlobo zebhethri zinezinkinga zokuzikhipha, okusho ukuthi ilahlekelwa yijusi noma ingasetshenziswa.Ibhethri le-lead-acid linenani eliphansi lokuzikhipha elilivumela ukuthi likhiphe kahle futhi kancane.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhethri le-asidi eholayo idinga isikhathi eside sokushaja esingaba ngamahora angu-8-10 futhi umthamo walo omkhulu uyingxenye yebhethri ye-lithium-ion kuphela.
Ibhethri ye-lithium-ion
Kungenzeka ukuthi ubone izinhlobo eziningi zebhethri le-lithium-ion ezivame ukusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhayisikili kagesi nabakhiqizi.I-Lithium-ion iwumsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokushajwa kwamandla kagesi anesikhathi sokushaja esifushane kakhulu, usayizi omncane ovumelana nezimo, nempilo ende kunebhethri le-asidi yomthofu.
Sifingqe ezinye izinhlobo zebhethri le-lithium ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kusuka ku-I-Battery Universityy.
I-Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (LiNiMnCoO2) —NMC
Iresiphi ye-NMC ukuxuba i-Nickel neManganese.I-Nickel idume ngamandla ayo athile aphezulu kodwa ukuzinza okubi kakhulu;i-manganese inenzuzo yokwenza isakhiwo esikhethekile ukuze ithole ukumelana okuphansi kwangaphakathi kodwa iletha amandla athile ampofu.Ukuhlanganisa izinsimbi kusiza ukunciphisa izithiyo futhi kwandise amandla enye nenye.
I-NMC isiphenduke ibhethri elikhethwayo lama-e-bikes, amathuluzi wamandla kagesi, nama-powertrains.Lokhu kunikeza izindleko eziphansi zezinto ezingavuthiwe ngenxa yokwehliswa kokusetshenziswa kwe-cobalt yokuqukethwe ebizayo.
Isikhathi sokushaja ngokuvamile amahora angu-3 enekhono lokufinyelela imijikelezo engu-1000-2000.
Ngokusho komkhiqizo webhayisikili kagesi odumile waseMelikaSuper73, i-NMC futhi iwuhlobo olufanayo lwebhethri abalusebenzise kuwo wonke amamodeli adumile.
Ngemuva kocwaningo nokuhlolwa okuningi,Teslainqume ukukhetha i-NMC njengohlobo lwayo oluyinhloko lwebhethri futhi isithuthukise ibhethri le-18650.
Amazwana:
Ibiza kakhulu, Amandla aphezulu, Amandla aphezulu
I-Lithium Iron Phosphate(LiFePO4) — LFP
Ngaphandle kwesilinganiso esiphezulu samanje nempilo yomjikelezo omude, i-LFP iphinde inikeze ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa, ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, nokubekezelela ukuhlukumeza.Ngezibalo zomjikelezo ka-2000 kanye nezinga lokushisa elishisayo eliphezulu elingu-270°C, i-LFP yenze yadlula amanye amabhethri e-Lithium-ion ekuzinzeni kwesicelo ukuthi kube yilona eliphephe kakhulu.I-LFP inezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, njengoba ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengokungena esikhundleni sebhethri le-lead-acid.
Idinga amahora angu-3 ukushaja ngokugcwele.
Ngokuphathekayo nokunganyakazi okudinga amaza omthwalo omkhulu nokubekezela, i-LFP ayinakuphikiswa ukuthi iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu.
Amazwana:
Isilinganiso esiphezulu samanje, Impilo yomjikelezo omude, Ukuzinza okuhle kwe-thermal, Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, Ukubekezelela uma kuhlukunyeziwe;
Ukuzikhipha okuphezulu, umthamo ophansi
I-Lithium Cobalt oxide(LiCoO2) — LCO
Kuvamile ukuthola amabhethri e-Lithium Cobalt Oxide kumaselula, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, namakhamera edijithali ngenxa yamandla athile aphezulu aphethwe yi-LCO.
Uma iqhathaniswa ne-LEP, ayizinzile kangako ngenxa yokuzwela okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa njengoba indawo yokubaleka eshisayo icishe ibe ngu-150°C (302°F).
Mayelana nokujula kokukhishwa, umthwalo, kanye nezinga lokushisa, ibhethri ye-LCO iletha imijikelezo yokushaja endaweni ethile phakathi kuka-500-1000.Lokho kwenza lolu hlobo lwebhethri lube nesikhathi sempilo esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa.
Alinawo amandla athile okuthwala umthamo omkhulu womthwalo, okusho ukuthi akulona ibhethri eliphelele lamabhayisikili avame ukuthwala abantu noma impahla.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, amahora ama-3 ayadingeka ukuze ibhethri ishajwe ngokugcwele.
Amazwana:
Amandla athile aphezulu kakhulu;
Ukuphila okufushane, ukuzinza okuphansi kwe-thermal, Amandla okulayisha alinganiselwe (amandla athile), Uhlobo olubizayo
I-Lithium Manganese Oxide (LiMn2O4) — LMO
Umthamo wayo cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ze-LCO.
Ukuvumelana nezimo okuhle kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukusebenzisa okungcono kakhulu kwempilo ende, umthamo omkhulu wamanje (amandla athile), noma umthamo ophezulu (amandla athile) ebhethrini.Isibonelo, ukushintsha kusuka enguqulweni yempilo ende, umthamo unganyuswa ukusuka ku-1,100mAh ukuya ku-1,500mAh kuphela ngenguqulo yomthamo ophezulu.
Kodwa-ke, ibhethri ye-LMO ingangena kuphela imijikelezo yokushaja engu-300-700 ngenxa yokuzwela ekujuleni kokukhipha kanye nezinga lokushisa.
Amazwana:
Ukushaja okusheshayo;
Ukukhipha okuphezulu kwamanje, Umthamo omncane
Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzazi ngokugcina ibhethri lakho le-e-bike lisesimweni esihle
Ukushayela
Kumabhethri amaningi, isimo sezulu esishisayo nesibandayo sinciphisa ukusebenza.Ngakho-ke gwema ukusebenzisa i-e-bike ngesikhathi samazinga okushisa aphezulu ehlobo noma ezinsukwini zasebusika.Landela imiyalelo enikezwa umkhiqizi wakho.
Gwema izindawo ezinamaqhuqhuva, ama-potholes, amabhampa esivinini azodala ukushaqeka okunamandla noma ukudlidliza ebhethrini.Umgomo ofanayo uyasebenza uma uphatha ibhethri elikhiphekayo.
Iyashaja
Gwema ukushaja iyunithi yakho ngokushesha ngemva kokushayela.
Vumela isikhathi esithile ukuze ibhethri liphole esikhundleni sokuligcina lisezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu.Ngokuphambene nalokho, isimiso esifanayo siyasebenza nalapho usuqedile ukushaja.
Sebenzisa ishaja efanele noma i-adaptha enikezwe umenzi.Iyunithi yokushaja engenakuqhathaniswa ingase ibangele umonakalo unomphela ebhethrini lakho.
Ungayishiyi ishaja ixhunyiwe uma usuqedile ukushaja.
Isitoreji
Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lesitoreji, kanye nesithwathwa, kunciphisa impilo yesevisi.
Ungaligcini ibhethri lakho ngaphandle lapho lingachayeka khona ekushiseni, kubanda (ngezansi kuka-0), limanzi.
Ungachithi ngaphansi kuka-20% womthamo.
Ngaphambi kokufaka ibhethri endaweni yokugcina isikhathi eside, funda ngokucophelela imenyu yomsebenzisi bese ulandela imiyalelo enconywe umenzi.
Ireferensi:
https://batteryuniversity.com/article/bu-205-types-of-lithium-ion
https://batteryuniversity.com/article/bu-402-what-is-c-rate
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-18-2021